Surface-mount (SMT), or surface-mounting technology, has revolutionized electronics manufacturing by providing a more compact and efficient way to assemble electronic circuits. SMT components are mounted directly on the surface of the printed circuit board, eliminating the need to drill holes and simplifying assembly. These miniature components include resistors and capacitors as well as integrated circuits and connectors. They are distinguished by their small size, high component density and ability to accommodate complicated circuit designs. Automated machines are used to pick and place SMT components, which ensures precision and consistency.